Posted by: zanshin, 2006-09-29 02:53

Story

Iraq: Republic of fear
Sami Moubayed, 2006-09-30 (Saturday), Asia Times
DAMASCUS - This author attended a conference this year on Iraq with leading administrators, analysts and politicians from Iraq and the Middle East. One question was put forward on how the new Iraqi leaders could bring security to Iraq when nearly 1,500 people were dying per month from sectarian violence and terrorist attacks.

The Iraqi participants, all members of the post-Saddam Hussein regime, started an intellectual debate on which security and anti-terrorism campaigns would best fit war-torn Iraq. They were fine men indeed, all groomed in the finest schools of Europe and the United States, with honorable careers in opposing Saddam from the diaspora. Their ideas were good for a television debate or an op-ed in a US newspaper, but very difficult to implement when it came to Iraqi domestics.

Although it is difficult for Iraqis and Americans to admit, Iraq needs a strongman to bring order and stability. In 1990, Indian prime minister Rajiv Gandhi went to Iran to discuss problems in the Middle East with Iranian president Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani. Gandhi asked the president who would, should or could replace Saddam as president of Iraq.

After pondering for a minute, Rafsanjani replied, "Saddam Hussein." Only Saddam, he said, could rule a country so divided and sectarian as Iraq. That statement is not entirely correct, but it carries a lot of truth in it. Iraq today does not need a Saddam Hussein, but it does need a very strong and able leader with talent, character and power, backed by a united and focused central government.

Only this kind of leader would be able to disarm the militias forcefully, something that current Prime Minister Nuri al-Maliki has failed to do because of his alliance to the Mehdi Army of Muqtada al-Sadr. Further, the leader has to be strong enough to distribute government posts based on merit rather than confessional lines or the patron system that is popular in the Arab world.

When this was suggested at the conference, one participant furiously snapped back, "If our Arab brothers like to be ruled by dictatorships, then this is their business. We want to be free. We want to live in democracy!" So much for democracy, I said to myself, where thousands are being condemned to death by squads at night in the streets of Baghdad.

In July and August, a total of 6,599 Iraqis were killed. It is now clear, more than ever, that what is happening in Iraq is not a democracy. It is pure sectarian madness.

In 1998, Kanan Makiya wrote his groundbreaking book Republic of Fear about the horror of the Saddam Hussein era. In every sense of the word, Iraq today - very unfortunately - is once again "a republic of fear". Arab journalists and analysts have said it. So have kings and presidents. Some Western journalists and politicians have said it. I personally have heard it from many Iraqis.
And now a senior United Nations official and torture expert, Manfred Mowak, has also said it, pointing out, "The situation as far as torture is concerned now in Iraq is totally out of hand. The situation is so bad many people say it is worse than it had been in the times of Saddam Hussein." A blow indeed to the promises of US President George W Bush, who said this month that Iraq is now safer than what it was under Saddam.

The National Intelligence Estimate
If Iraq is no better off than it was under Saddam, neither is the US with its "war on terror".

The National Intelligence Estimate (NIE), drawn from 16 US spy agencies, bluntly says that the Iraq war has enflamed emotions in the Muslim world, created a new generation of fanatics and, because of US atrocities and torture of prisoners, led to more radicalization in Islamic terrorism against the United States. Among other things, the NIE shows that because of the Iraqi war, the Madrid bombings of March 2004 took place, as did the London Underground bombings of July 2005.

It does not, however, call for a US withdrawal from Iraq. The report says that defeating terrorists in Iraq (in other words, staying longer in Iraqi territory) would help defeat the international Islamification threat. Senator Edward Kennedy was quoted saying that the report "should put the final nail in the coffin for President Bush's phony argument about the Iraq war".

On the day that the NIE was leaked, at least 20 people were killed and 41 were injured in violence across Iraq. The following day, retired US Army Major-General John Batiste, who had commanded the 1st Infantry Division in Iraq in 2004-05, said the war had made the US "arguably less safe now than it was on September 11, 2001".

A few days later, a United Nations report on Iraq was released, saying that the Iraq war had provided al-Qaeda with a fresh generation of jihadis and a training center for terrorism. Al-Qaeda was leading the insurgency in Iraq, the report added, and supporting the Taliban resistance in Afghanistan.

Adding to the Bush administration's worries was yet another report presented by a think-tank affiliated with the British Ministry of Defense, which said Iraq had become "a recruiting sergeant" for Islamic fanatics and terrorism. It said Iraq "has served to radicalize already disillusioned youth and al-Qaeda has given them the will, intent, purpose and ideology to act".

The University of Maryland conducted a poll suggesting that 71% of Iraqis wanted their government to ask US troops to leave within a year. Seventy-seven percent of those polled thought that this would not happen and that the US intended to keep permanent bases in Iraq. The Iraqis used for the study were 1,000 random citizens from the 18 provinces of Iraq.

Another poll, conducted by the US State Department, found that nearly three-quarters of respondents said they would feel safe if US troops left Iraq, and 65% said they wanted an immediate pullout. This applied to all regions except the pro-US Kurdish districts, said the 20-page State Department report.

A recent poll conducted by the Los Angeles Times and Bloomberg showed that 55% of Americans thought the situation in Iraq under Saddam was not worth going to war over. Eleven percent said the insurgents were winning the war, rather than the Americans, while 63% - very correctly - said neither side was winning.

If the US is determined to "stay the course", these are some of the issues it will have to address in saving Iraq from this "republic of fear".

Sami Moubayed is a Syrian political analyst.

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Afghanistan,   Al-Qaeda,   Ali Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani,   Arab,   Bush,   democracy,   Edward Kennedy,   Europe,   Iran,   Iraq,   Middle East,   Muslims,   NIE,   Rajiv Gandhi,   Saddam Hussein,   Taliban,   Terrorism,   Torture,   United Nations,   USA,  

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2008-10-11America and Political Islam: Clash of Cultures or Clash of Interests?
2008-10-08Iran’s Secret Bargain With Bush?
2008-10-15A mad scramble over Afghanistan
2008-10-29Sarkozy, France, and Nato -- Will Sarkozy’s Rapprochement To Nato Be Sustainable?
2008-10-30Pakistan: Waiting with bated breath
2008-09-02Spies and Spymasters
2008-09-02Torture and liberty
2008-09-12A Grim Anniversary
2008-09-12Afghanistan After Seven Years of War -- You Call This a Good War?
2008-09-12"End States Who Sponsor Terrorism"
2008-10-02U.S. Not Winning War on Terror -- Special Report
2008-09-16Official American Sadism
2008-11-25A Secure Europe in a Better World -- European Security Strategy
2008-11-25A Word of Advice from Europe: Soft Power Works
2008-11-20'Eurasia and Europe should Cooperate against America' interview with Alexandr Dugin
2008-11-06Country Reports on Terrorism -- Chapter 1 -- Strategic Assessment
2008-11-11The Case for Restraint -- Niall Ferguson responds
2008-11-11The Case for Restraint -- Ruth Wedgwood responds
2008-12-30May We No Longer Be Silent -- America's Crimes "Never Happened"
2009-01-05Orwell, blinding tribalism, selective Terrorism, and Israel/Gaza
2009-01-06Expanding War, Contracting Meaning -- The Next President and the Global War on Terror
2008-12-15New York Times Misleads on Taliban Role in Opium Trade
2008-12-06Obama's War Cabinet
2008-12-07Obama’s Speech in Berlin -- Transcript
2006-05-01How to Win in Iraq
2006-05-01Women, Islam, and the New Iraq
2006-05-01Taking on Tehran
2006-05-01Bush Rules Out a Nuclear Deal With Pakistanis
2006-05-01Chaos in Iraq Sends Shock Waves Across Middle East and Elevates Iran's Influence
2006-08-21Ask the expert: World War Three?
2006-09-23Europe Learns the Wrong Lessons
2006-09-24Spy Agencies Say Iraq War Worsens Terror Threat
2006-09-09Foreign policy year in review
2006-09-05Afghan Symbol for Change Becomes a Symbol of Failure
2006-09-07Blair's legacy is a reckless adventure that's wreaked havoc the world over
2006-09-089/11 in a Movie-Made World
2006-09-09President Bush Delivers Remarks on Terrorism
2006-12-03The Next War
2006-11-07TURKEY AND THE AZERBAIJANI OIL CONTROVERSIES: LOOKING FOR A LIGHT AT THE END OF THE PIPELINE
2006-11-10Behind Bars
2006-11-22Full text: Vladimir Putin interview
2006-10-28The Failed Presidency of George W. Bush
2006-10-31America’s Hitler
2006-11-02World entering dangerous era of US impotence
2006-10-21The Coming October War In Iraq -- A Conversation With Scott Ritter
2006-10-26Musharraf's confessions